Over a century, 103 years to be accurate, has passed since the demise of Sultan Abdul Hamid II, however, the legacy of the world’s shattering reformist Sultan who administered and kept the weakening Ottoman Empire solid for a very long time, can, in any case, be felt in present-day establishments of the republic.
Early Life of Sultan Abdul-Hamid II
As per verifiable sources, Abdülhamid II, the son of Sultan Abdülmecid, was born in Istanbul on Sept. 21, 1842. Experiencing childhood in the Ottoman castle, he was conversant in numerous languages, including French, Arabic, and Persian. His adolescence and youth matched with the “Tanzimat,” a time of change in the Ottoman Empire that started in 1839.
Abdülhamid’s 33-year rule started on Aug. 31, 1876, as the domain was in desperate waterways amid dangers both at home and abroad.
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Sultan Abdul Hamid’s significant contributions
That very year of his climb, he marked the domain’s originally composed constitution, known as the “Kanun-I Esasi,” on Dec. 23, establishing the frameworks for the sacred government.
Dominating at international strategy, he firmly followed political improvements across the globe with his fundamental objective being to get harmony for the domain. He tried to reinforce the Ottomans’ relations with the Islamic world, making this a crucial strategy.
Among the Ottoman Sultans, Abdülhamid utilized the title of the Caliph. Sending strict researchers to nations to the regions of South Africa and Japan, he attempted to spread Islam.
In 1900, he requested the development of a rail route line interfacing Damascus in present-day Syria to the Muslim heavenly urban areas of Mecca and Medina along the Hejaz district on the Red Sea’s eastern coast, today part of Saudi Arabia. The development of the rail route required eight years and the tracks arrived at Medina in 1908.
His monetary arrangement focused on the reimbursement of outer obligations left from his archetypes. He consented to an arrangement with European banks on Dec. 20, 1881, to take care of a huge segment.
Abdülhamid II likewise made significant strides in schooling. He opened various institutions, auxiliary, and secondary schools, just as schools for the impeded and military institutes, all through the realm.
Additionally, he positioned incredible significance on sports. The three greatest clubs in Turkish football, particularly Beşiktaş, Galatasaray, and Fenerbahçe, were entirely established during his rule.
The ruler additionally authorized an inestimable assortment of photograph collections portraying different urban areas across the huge domain, particularly Istanbul.
He financed the development of the Şişli Etfal Hospital and the Darülaceze nursing home, paying for the expense of the development himself. Both of the organizations are as yet functional in Istanbul.
Electric cable car lines were likewise opened in numerous urban areas, while expressways were expanded and transmit lines were set up through the Basra locale, presently situated in southern Iraq, just as the Hejaz.
End of the Sultan Abdul-Hamid II
Abdülhamid II was ousted on April 27, 1909, and supplanted by his more youthful sibling, Mehmed V. On that very night that he was ousted, he was shipped off Thessaloniki, in cutting-edge Greece, alongside 38 others, including his relatives.
After three years, on Nov. 1, 1912, Abdülhamid II was sent back to Istanbul, where he spent his last days at Beylerbeyi Palace, in the city’s authentic Üsküdar area. Abdülhamid II passed away on at Beylerbeyi Palace on Feb. 10, 1918, ending his 33 years long reign.
Photo credit https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sultan_Abdulhamid.jpg